The Impact of Exercise Training on Biomarkers, Altered Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in Diabetic Nephropathy Individuals

Abstract

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of metabolic and systemic diseases contributing mainly for kidney and cardiovascular anomalies all around the world. To manage such untoward outcomes, in addition to medications, the present study aims to assess productive effects of exercise on Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), biomarkers, related albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and clinical factors.

Methods: A prospective, cohort-controlled experiment was conducted. Confirmed cases (n = 150) either gender of diabetes with underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) and  diabetic nephropathy (DN) with aged 35-45 were selected, divided into 3 groups each with no exercise, 3 months and 6-month exercise, respectively. Exercise regiments were prescribed and blood was collected at the end of each periodic end. Blood was analyzed for Renin, Angiotensin II, biomarkers, parathyroid hormone (PTH), lactate, insulin and fasting glucose according to standard procedures on Roche Cobas c503, e801, e411, Snibe X800 and NOVA PHOX plus.

Results: Statistically analyzed data exhibited potentiating effects of exercise. Renin, Aldosterone, PTH and PCO2, predicated significance betterment only after 6 months of exercise whereas Angiotensin II, Lactate, PCO2, PO2, Urine albumin and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) exhibited moderate to marked/highly significant changes both after 3 months and after 6 months of exercise.

Conclusion: It has been concluded, in addition to all traditional treatments and medications, long term exercise does have benefits in the betterment of diabetic patients with underlying DN and thus be encouraged to be part of every treatment plans based on individuals’ specifications.