Prevalence of Microvascular Complications Among Patients with Diabetes in Jeddah City: A Meta-Analysis Study

Abstract

This study aims to explore the prevalence of microvascular complications among diabetics in Jeddah, highlighting the factors contributing to their prevalence, prevalence rates, and causes. It also aims to identify the obstacles and challenges facing diabetes management and its complications, and to provide recommendations and solutions related to these challenges. The study includes studies published between 2010 and 2025, conducted on the Saudi population in general and the Jeddah population in particular, addressed the prevention of microvascular disease, as well as complications such as retinopathy, kidney disease, and neuropathy. It excluded individual and unreliable case studies, studies with bias in data or results, and studies with non-systematic reviews that lack detailed data on specific complications.  A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, to identify and study research that addressed the prevalence of microvascular complications among diabetic patients in Jeddah. The results indicate that The prevalence of subtle complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy is common among patients with type 2 diabetes in the city of Jeddah, with rates ranging between 18% and complications related to retinopathy are the most studied in Jeddah, where the prevalence rate in some studies has reached more than 30%. The factors most associated with complications related to diabetes are (HbA1c), high blood pressure, duration of injury, retinopathy, and kidney disease 80%.