The Role of Husbands, Cadres and Village Leader in Increasing Screening And Prevention Of Cervical Cancer In Metropolitan And Nonmetropolitan Cities in Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Annually, there are 36,633 new cases of cervical cancer in Indonesia. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women. According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), cities outside metropolitan areas have lower cancer incidence rates, but higher cancer mortality rates than metropolitan cities. One of the most important elements of women's involvement in the early detection of cervical cancer can be seen in the husband’s role of knowledge, emotions, and attitudes  Method: The study employed a non-experimental method with a Cross-Sectional design. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, 51 samples were taken from Yogyakarta and 51 samples from Jakarta. The samples were taken using cluster sampling. Data analysis included independent sample test to compare regions and multivariate analysis was applied to examine influential factors in husbands’ roles. Results: The husband's emotional role was higher in the nonmetropolitan city, but the role of knowledge was higher in a metropolitan city in increasing cervical cancer screening. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in both knowledge (p = 0.003) and emotional support (p = 0.010). No significant difference was found in attitudes (p = 0.395). However, age was correlated with emotional support in metropolitan areas (p = 0.011). Conclusion: The study can significantly determine the role of husband, cadres and village leader knowledge and emotions in increasing screening and prevention of cervical cancer in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan cities in Indonesia.