Evolution of Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy: A Case-Based Analysis of Current Staging Systems and Treatment Advances

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, with radiotherapy serving as a cornerstone of treatment for locally advanced disease. Recent advances in imaging technology, treatment planning, and staging systems have revolutionized the management of cervical cancer. This systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of contemporary cervical cancer radiotherapy approaches, incorporating recent advances in staging systems, biochemical markers, and treatment modalities through case-based analysis. A systematic review of literature published between 2018-2025 was conducted, focusing on radiotherapy advances, staging systems, and biochemical markers in cervical cancer management following PRISMA guidelines. The FIGO 2018 staging system has significantly impacted treatment decisions, with widespread adoption of 3D image-guided brachytherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy showing improved outcomes. Tumor markers including SCC-Ag, CEA, and CA125 provide valuable prognostic information for treatment planning and monitoring. Modern cervical cancer radiotherapy has evolved significantly with improved staging accuracy, advanced treatment techniques, and better understanding of biochemical markers leading to personalized treatment approaches. The integration of contemporary staging systems with advanced radiotherapy techniques represents a paradigm shift toward precision oncology in cervical cancer management