Prevalence And Genetic Determinants Of Multiple Antibiotic Resistance In Gram-Negative Bacteria From Clinical Samples In Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The antimicrobial resistance exhibited by gram-negative bacilli is a significant issue in controlling infections in the world but under-reacted in Nigeria. The paper examined the two concepts of clinical Gram-negative infection prevalence and genetics of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) in Ile-Ife.

Methods: A cross-sectional laboratory research study was conducted at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex between the years between 2020 to 2021. A discovery of three hundred and fifty Gram-negative, non-duplicated isolates softened on different kinds of specimens using the standard phenotypic procedures and using the Microbact mean probe on GNB 24E kits molecular confirmation of the picked isolates validated the findings. It assumed the measurement of antimicrobial susceptibility, using KirbyBF-diffusion-disk and MAR index with microbial resistance (Capture) bla TEM and aa SHV gene: the presence of 1 -lactamases,/ -lactamases--bla strength response- MAR index and virulence genes via 1 -lactamases induction establishes the presence of multidrug dephosphorylation enzymes= -lactamases- kderryya germicoglliens autoresistance to 1-lact

Results: Escherichia coli (31.4) was the second most common followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (34.8). Most of the isolates (71.4 percent) were MAR index of greater than 0.2 and 32.3 percent were ESBL producers. The most prevalent were blainstTEM (62%), blainstSHV (55%) and blainstCTX-M (48%), sul1 (45%) and tet39 (38%). The ESBL producing E. coli carried critical virulence genes aggR, stx1 and bfpA.

Conclusion: Multidrug-resistant, ESBL -producing Gram-negative bacilli are highly widespread in the Ile-Ife area, and they bear transferable resistance and virulence factors. Stabilized molecular surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship is desperately required to stop their proliferation.