In-vivo evaluation of Antidiabetic Properties of Plant Extracts in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of alcoholic extracts obtained from Annona squamosa stem bark in rats. Additionally, the research investigated the antidiabetic potential of both alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Annona squamosa stem bark in rats with Streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of glycosides, fixed oils, tannins, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds in the alcoholic extracts. However, significant hypoglycemic effects were observed only at higher doses.

In Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the alcoholic extract of Annona squamosa stem bark demonstrated marked antidiabetic activity at elevated doses, exceeding the efficacy of the standard drug Glibenclamide. Morphological assessments, including water intake, food consumption and body weight measurements, showed comparable effects between the alcoholic extracts and Glibenclamide at higher dosages. Histopathological analysis further revealed substantial restoration of damaged islet cells in the pancreas, surpassing the restorative effects observed with Glibenclamide.

These findings suggest that the alcoholic extract of Annona squamosa stem bark exhibits significant antidiabetic properties, validating its traditional use in diabetes management.