Study Of C-Peptide Levels In Newly Diagnosed Young Type 2 Diabetes Patients And Non Diabetic Obese Individual In Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Background: Type II Diabetes mellitus results from a combination of insulin resistance and inadequate secretion. Its development can be prevented In many instances  and persons at risk can be identified with few common risk factors. A family history of diabetes, an increase in body mass index and impaired insulin secretion and action are important risk factors. The great interest in C-peptide is due to the limitations of the use of serum insulin as a measure of insulin secretion. C-peptide determinations are disturbed to a lesser extent than insulin measurements by the presence of insulin binding antibodies.  we are conducting this study to assess the endogenous Insulin secretory function in patients who are newly diagnosed with type 2 DM and  non diabetic individuals.

Objectives

• To study the levels of C-peptide in newly diagnosed young type 2 DM patients and non diabetic obese individuals
• To compare the levels of C –peptide in newly diagnosed young type 2 DM with that of non diabetic obese individuals.

Methods 50 newly detected young type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and fifty non diabetic obese individuals  meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected from Tertiary care centre were studied.  Necessary investigations like C Peptide levels  FBS PPBS RBS  HBA1C LFT RFT LIPID PROFILE CBC  were measured

According to a prestructured proforma, data was collected and analysed.

Results.In the present study, a total of 50 cases of newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes and 50 age and sex matched controls of non diabetic obese individuals were included in the study over a period of 1 year. C Peptide levels were measured among young newly detected Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and non diabetic young obese individuals.C Peptide levels were higher among non diabetic obese individuals when compared to newly detected type 2 diabetes individuals ( age and sex matched)C-peptide levels were higher in obese T2DM patients and non diabetic obese individuals, which proves the presence of higher levels of insulin secretion in them compared to the non-obese group.

Conclusion: The present study has succeeded in demonstrating higher levels of C-peptide in obese T2DM patients and non diabetic obese individuals, which proves the presence of higher levels of insulin secretion in them compared to the non-obese group.

In spite of this hyperinsulinaemia, control of blood sugar is poor in the obese diabetic group as suggested by the significantly higher HbA1c values in them.

 This positively demonstrates the presence of insulin resistance in this group. Thus, we conclude that obesity leads to insulin resistance and is an important risk factor for poor glycaemic control in T2DM.