Frequency of Hypomagnesemia and Its Association with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66838/Keywords:
Hypomagnesemia, Type 2 Diabetes, Glycemic ControlAbstract
Objective: the objective of this study is to observe Frequency of hypomagnesemia and its association with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Study design and duration: Descriptive cross sectional study, from February 2026 to July 2026
Methodology: 150 adult patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Serum magnesium, HbA1c and serum creatinine were measured from venous blood samples. Hypomagnesemia was defined as a serum level of <1.7 mg/dl; poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1C ≥7% and good glycemic control as HbA1C <7%. The data was analysed using SPSS. A Chi-square and independent-samples t test were performed, p≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Among 150 patients, 84 (56.0%) were males and 66 (44.0%) females, with a mean age of 55.8 ± 10.6 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.7 ± 5.9 years, mean BMI was 27.8 ± 4.3 kg/m², mean HbA1c was 8.34 ± 1.89%, and mean serum magnesium was 1.82 ± 0.31 mg/dL. Hypomagnesemia was detected in 39 (26.0%) of the patients and in 111 (74.0%) patients, the levels of magnesium were normal. Forty-two (28.0%) patients had good glycemic control, but 108 (72.0%) had poor glycemic control. Patients with poor glycemic control were significantly more likely to have hypomagnesemia compared to those with good glycemic control (32.4% vs. 9.5%, p=0.004). Patients with hypomagnesemia had a significantly higher mean HbA1c (%Glycated Hb) than patients with normomagnesemia (9.21 ± 1.72% vs. 8.03 ± 1.85%, respectively; p<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between serum magnesium and HbA1c (r=-0.386, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia was relatively prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There was a significant correlation between low levels of serum magnesium and poor glycemic control. Patients with hypomagnesemia had significantly higher HbA1c levels and serum magnesium levels had a significant inverse correlation with HbA1c.
