Integrating Mental Health Screening and Referral in Dental Practice: A Pathway to Holistic Care - A Review

Abstract

Mental and oral health are interconnected with each other. The interconnection between oral and mental health has gained increasing recognition, prompting calls for a more integrated, holistic approach to patient care. This literature review explores the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of incorporating mental health screening and referral processes within dental settings. Evidence suggests that conditions such as anxiety, depression, and eating disorders can significantly impact oral health outcomes and influence treatment adherence. Conversely, poor oral health can exacerbate mental health conditions, creating a bidirectional relationship that underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration. The review synthesizes findings from diverse studies highlighting the role of dental professionals in early identification of psychological distress, the effectiveness of validated screening tools, and the ethical and practical considerations of implementing referral pathways. Barriers such as time constraints, lack of training, and stigma are also discussed. Ultimately, the integration of mental health awareness into dental practice is positioned as a crucial step toward comprehensive, patient-centered care. This paper explores the importance of integrating mental health screening into dental practice as a proactive step toward holistic patient care. It outlines the development of practical, evidence-based screening protocols tailored for dental environments, and discusses implementation strategies that respect the time constraints and workflow of dental teams. By incorporating mental health screening within routine dental visits, practices can identify atrisk individuals earlier, foster a more supportive care environment, and contribute to the broader public health effort of addressing mental health holistically.