The Influence of a Family Empowerment Model Based on Family Social Support on Intrinsic Motivation and Diabetic Foot Care Behavior in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Pekanbaru

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are at risk of developing diabetic foot syndrome, which can lead to amputation. Family support is essential in enhancing intrinsic motivation and promoting diabetic foot care behavior among DM patients. This study aimed to examine the effect of family-based social support on intrinsic motivation and diabetic foot care behavior in DM patients in Pekanbaru, Indonesia.

Method: This quasi-experimental study used a non-equivalent control group design involving 118 participants, divided into an intervention group (n = 59) with family participation and a control group (n = 59) without family involvement. Data collection employed sociodemographic questionnaires, the APGAR Family Questionnaire, the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire for intrinsic motivation, the Nottingham Assessment of Functional Footcare (NAFF), and a modified family social support questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and path analysis with SmartPLS.

Result: The study demonstrated that family-based social support significantly improved intrinsic motivation and diabetic foot care behaviors in the intervention group compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Family-based social support has a positive effect on intrinsic motivation and diabetic foot care behavior in DM patients. These findings emphasize the need for integrating family-based social support programs into community health initiatives to prevent diabetic foot complications.