Biomimetic Remineralization of Dentin Using Aspartic Acid Pre-conditioning with Different Remineralizing Agents: An FTIR Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64149/J.Carcinog.24.1s.116-125Keywords:
Aspartic acid, Bioactive Agents, Silver Diamine Fluoride, Biomimetic dentin remineralization, FTIR spectroscopy.Abstract
Introduction: Effective dentin remineralization necessitates functional nucleation sites, often compromised during demineralization from non-collagenous protein degradation. Aspartic acid (Asp) can mimic these proteins and may facilitate intrafibrillar mineral deposition.
Objective: This in-vitro study evaluated the efficacy of Asp pre-conditioning on dentin remineralization using Chitosan-loaded Nano-hydroxyapatite (Cs-nHA), Bio-Active Glass (BAG), and Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF).
Materials and methods: Sixty human dentin specimens were pH-cycled to produce standardized lesions and divided into two main groups (n=30): Asp-conditioned and non-conditioned groups. Each main group was subdivided by remineralizing agent treatment (n=10): chitosan-loaded nano-hydroxyapatite (Cs-nHA), bioactive glass (BAG), or 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF). Treated specimens were stored in artificial saliva for 2 or 6 weeks. The remineralization potential was quantified via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) before and after treatment by calculating the Mineral-to-Matrix (M:M) ratio.
Results: All remineralizing treatments demonstrated significant improvement in M:M ratios compared to the untreated demineralized dentin baseline. Asp pre-conditioning produced significantly higher M:M ratios compared to non-conditioned controls across all groups. Cs-nHA achieved the highest M:M ratios, outperforming SDF and BAG, while SDF and BAG did not differ significantly from each other. All groups showed greater M:M ratios at 6 weeks versus 2 weeks.
Conclusions: Preconditioning dentin surfaces with Aspartic acid markedly enhances the dentin remineralization potential of the tested remineralizing agents. The application of various remineralizing agents improves dentin remineralization, with Cs-nHA yielding the best results among SDF and BAG, while there was no significant difference in efficacy between them. Additionally, extending the storage time of the remineralizing agents further promotes dentin remineralization.
