A Theoretical Exploration of the Psychosomatic Impact of COVID-19 on Women

Abstract

This theoretical research examines how the COVID-19 pandemic intensified psychosomatic experiences among women. Psychosomatism—the manifestation of psychological stress through physical symptoms—is deeply influenced by biopsychosocial and gender-role dynamics. Drawing on established theories such as the Biopsychosocial Model, Gender Role Theory, Stress-Diathesis Model, and Trauma-Stress Response Theory, this paper conceptualises why women experienced heightened psychosomatic distress during the pandemic. It argues that the pandemic magnified structural inequalities, emotional labour, domestic responsibilities, and caregiving roles, leading to greater mind–body conflict and physical symptom expression. As a theoretical exploration, the study synthesises interdisciplinary perspectives to understand women’s psychosomatic vulnerability in crisis contexts.