Across-Sectional Observational Study On Evaluation Of Platelet parametersandlipidprofileinpatientsofcoronary Artery Disease In Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, accounting for a substantial burden on public health systems, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The pathogenesis of CAD is multifactorial, with interplay between endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, lipid abnormalities, and thrombosis contributing to atherogenesis and acute coronary events.

Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate platelet parameters and lipid profile in patients with coronary artery disease. The objectives were to assess platelet indices, including platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width, and mean platelet concentrate, with particular focus on determining the predictive value of MPV in the spectrum of CAD, as well as to analyze lipid profile alterations in patients with angiographically documented CAD and establish clinicopathological correlations.

Materials & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted over a period of 2 years in the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care center, with blood samples collected from CAD patients attending the coronary care unit after obtaining permission from the cardiology department.

Result: In our study of 118 participants, platelet indices (MPV, PDW, P-LCR) and lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL) were significantly altered in CAD cases, while platelet count and HDL showed less difference. Diagnostic analysis indicated that MPV, PDW, P-LCR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL had excellent predictive value for CAD, with ROC curves confirming their strong discriminative ability.

Conclusion: In our study, CAD patients exhibited elevated platelet indices (MPV, PDW, P-LCR) and dyslipidemia (high total cholesterol, TG, LDL; low HDL). MPV, PDW, total cholesterol, and TG showed strong diagnostic value, while platelet count and HDL were less reliable, indicating that combined assessment of platelet indices and lipid profile can aid early detection and risk stratification in CAD